Causes of lower back pain

Low back pain is a usual symptom among modern civilized people. It affects mainly middle-aged and young adults of both sexes. People who work on a chair without exercising and those who regularly carry heavy loads are at a higher risk of developing this complaint. We can hardly find a person who has not suffered from back pain at least once in life. We should not ignore backache, as the causes of low back pain range from simple reasons like muscular strain to cancer of the spine. The lumbar and sacral regions feel the pain, which may radiate to nearby sites.

Here are some common causes of backache.

1) Backache is due to diseases in the back.

2) Backache due to gynecological problems.

3) Backache due to problems in other parts of the body.

1) Backache due to diseases in the back:

a) Injuries:-

1) A compression fracture occurs in the vertebral column.
2) Rupture of intervertebral discs.
3) Back ligaments and muscles sustain injuries.
4) Lumbosacral strain.
5) Intervertebral joint injuries.
6) Fracture of processes of vertebra.

b) Functional backache due to imbalance:

1) During pregnancy.
2) Pot belly.
3) Diseases of the hip joint.
4) A congenital defect causes curvature in the spine.
5) Short leg on one side.

c) Backache due to inflammatory conditions:

1) Bacteria infected the bone.
2) Tuberculosis of the spine.
3) Arthritis.
4) Brucellosis.
5) Lumbago or fibrositis.
6) Inflamation of the muscles.
7) Anchylosing spondylitis.

d) Backache due to degenerative diseases in the back.

1) Osteoarthritis.
2) Osteoporosis in old people.
3) Degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

e) Tumour in the spine:

The primary tumor affects the bones in the spine.
2) Metastatic tumors from other sites like prostate, lungs, kidneys, intestines, et cetera.

2) Backache due to gynecological problems:

a) After childbirth.
b) After gynecological operations.
c) Prolapse of the uterus.
d) Pelvic inflammatory diseases.
e) Cancerous lesions of the pelvic organs.
f) Endometriosis.

3) Backache due to problems in other parts of the body.

a) Renal stones.
b) Ureteric stone.
c) Cancer of the prostate.
d) Pancreatitis.
e) Biliary stones.
f) Peptic ulcer.
g) Inflammations of pelvic organs.
h) Occlusion of aorta and illiac arteries.

Investigation of a case of backache:

1) Complete blood count.

2) Routine urine examination.

3) Ultrasonography of the abdomen and pelvis is performed.

4) An X-ray of the lumbar and sacral regions is performed.

5) MRI of the spine.

5) A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvic region is performed.

6) Examine the rectum, prostate, and genitalia.

Treatment of backache:

1) Removing the cause for backache.

2) Symptomatic treatment.

2) Back exercises.